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Class 12 Biology Chapter 7 Evolution Quiz 5 (60 MCQs)

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1. Which of the following is the best evidence that mammals evolved from reptiles?
2. To determine phylogenetic relationships, scientists use a variety of techniques and sources. Examples of this include comparing fossils, bone structures, behavior and molecular biology. Which of the following hypothesis could be tested using these techniques?
3. The surroundings and conditions in which an organism lives and operates.
4. The method of naming organisms by using two names is known as
5. Shifts average phenotypes against the intermediate phenotype and favors both extremes.
6. Structures that are superficially similar between organisms but arose by different evolutionary pathways (ex:bird wing and bat wing).
7. An error in DNA copying that results in a new trait
8. What is the BEST way to determine whether two species are related?
9. What happens when environment changes faster than adaptation?
10. Which of the following can be a cause of the extinction of a species?
11. This is an ecological relationship in which two or more organisms depend on the same limited resource.
12. Imprints or remains of once living organisms are called .....
13. Which best describes the role of mutations in natural selection?
14. Genetic Drift is more likely to happen in .....
15. Evolution is driven by .....
16. Which type of evidence for evolution involves comparing the amino acid sequences of proteins across different species?
17. How does the fossil record provide evidence for evolution?
18. Which of the following best describes the tiny legs whales have?
19. According to the fossil record, when did episodes of rapid speciation commonly take place?
20. A special version of the Allopatric speciation is .....
21. Which mechanism of change occurred in this given scenario:A certain species of hippos were hunted by humans, down to a population size of 20, resulting in less genetic variation.
22. What was the main ingredients that caused heat energy to be trapped, creating a greenhouse effect, in the ealry atmosphere?
23. The science that specializes in naming and classifying organisms is .....
24. Trilobite fossils from different time periods show small changes in appearance. What might account for the changes?
25. Which of the following did NOT influence Darwin's ideas about natural selection?
26. 1)The prebiotic earth in the beginning was .....
27. What is a true statement about evolution?
28. If finches with large beaks and finches with small beaks increase in a population while finches with average sized beaks decreases, which pattern of natural selection has occurred?
29. Cranes in a pond eat all of the green frogs causing an increase in survival of brown frogs. What is the selective pressure?
30. Using DNA to determine which organisms are related to others is called:
31. Descendants from the ultimate common ancestor lived in various habitats and ..... that allowed them to survive and reproduce.
32. Process by which unrelated organisms independently evolve similarities when adapting to similar environments
33. Fungi are like insects because they both-
34. Small, incremental changes accumulating over time
35. Bacteria are found in many different shapes. What are the 3 most common shapes of bacteria.
36. The name of the scientist who proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection.
37. What evidence supports the theory of evolution by natural selection?
38. -is the study of the genetic composition of populations, including distributions and changes in genotype and phenotype frequency in response to the processes of natural selection, genetic drift, mutation and gene flow.-is the study of both experimental and theoretical consequences of Mendelian heredity on the population level.
39. Which of these would NOT be a vestigial structure?
40. The black peppered moth was able to blend in with the ash covered trees after the Industrial Revolution causing them to be less likely seen by predators
41. When did life on Earth begin?
42. Which scientific field studies the geographical distribution of species and provides evidence for evolution by identifying patterns of species distribution?
43. Evidence from which of the following does not support evolution:
44. ..... is the structures structure that in inherited from ancestors but has lost much or all of its original function
45. Variation of traits that happen naturally WITHOUT humans deciding what is useful:
46. Darwin's finches are an example of
47. What is it called when major evolutionary changes the history of life, involving speciation?
48. Which of the following refers to the remnants or traces of plants andanimals preserved in strata of the earth that give evidences of their presence in thegeological past?
49. A structure or organ that seems to serve no purpose, but resembles structures with functional roles in other organisms are called .....
50. What point of natural selection states that having many offspring increases the chance that some of them will survive?
51. Intentionally selecting genes for desire
52. ..... is when two organisms exchange pieces of genetic material.
53. What is the primary mechanism by which new alleles are introduced into a population?
54. Which of the following was probably not presentin the atmosphere of the primitive Earth?
55. Is less common than bilateral symmetry and is typically observed in animals that are sessile or slow-moving, such as jellyfish, sea anemones, and starfish. In animals with radial symmetry, body parts or structures are arranged around a central axis, creating multiple planes of symmetry. This allows the animal to detect and respond to stimuli from any direction.
56. The inheritance of short wings in Drosophila fruit flies is an x-linked, recessive trait. Which would most likely result if a short-winged female mates with a long-winged male?
57. Darwin knew that in any species, members of the same species each have slight differences, called .....
58. What term describes the phenomenon where species show little to no evolutionary change over long periods?
59. Which of these is the main reason horses evolved?
60. According to geological evidence the earth is
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