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Class 12 Biology Chapter 7 Evolution Quiz 12 (60 MCQs)

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1. Similar structures that are shared by related species and that have been inherited from a common ancestor are called-
2. Which of the following best describes a keystone species in an ecosystem?
3. Which of the following best describes the concept of natural selection?
4. The wings of a bird and the wings of a bee are ..... , they have the same function but different function.
5. Is the change in the frequency of an existing gene variant in a population due to random chance.
6. What type of selection favors both the high and low end of a population curve?
7. Which best describes the phrase survival of the fittest?
8. Natural selection is a ..... of evolution.
9. The change in heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations
10. Occurs when a small group of individuals establishes a new population, leading to a loss of genetic diversity relative to the original population.
11. Long periods of little change in a species followed by short periods of rapid change
12. The process by which evolution occurs and in which certain genes make organisms more likely to survive and reproduce is called .....
13. What allowed humans to better adapt to their environment?
14. The Endosymbiotic Theory explains
15. This gas was in high concentrations in the early atmosphere, and later condensed to form Earth's oceans.
16. Which of the following describes what the first life form resembled?
17. Is the study of the similarities and differences in the anatomy (structure) of different species of animals. By comparing the anatomy of different animals, scientists can gain insight into the evolutionary relationships between different groups of organisms and the processes that have led to the diversity of life on Earth.
18. An adaptation is
19. Who was the first naturalist to study evolution?
20. In science, the inheritance of a structure that results from natural selection and by which the organism becomes better able to survive and reproduce is called
21. What is the smallest taxa?
22. Who is considered the father of evolution?
23. It can be seen on a cladogram that modern birds and reptiles share a common ancestor. Select the piece of evidence that BEST supports this idea.
24. Darwins Main points
25. ..... is the formation of a new species
26. What does 'biogeography' study?
27. What was the earth like during PreCambrian time?
28. Animals in which of the following locations will most likely have originated from a common ancestor.
29. What does the fossil record provide evidence for?
30. The sickle cell trait
31. Which represents biochemical evidence for evolution?
32. Which of these answers best describes the relationship between a human's forearm and a bat's wing?
33. Miller's classic experiment demonstrated that a discharge of sparks through a mixture of gases could result in the formation of a large variety of organic compounds in the EARLY earth's atmosphere. Miller used all of the following gases in his experiment EXCEPT
34. Why would a population with a large amount of genetic variation be more likely to survive a severe climate change in its environment?
35. Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic are all?
36. Natural selection results in change over time by acting on traits that are
37. The process of crossing genetically different individuals to produce offspring.-Increase the heterozygous alleles-Two different species are involved-Alleles of offspring are much different from their parents.-Less probability of genetic mutation.
38. Which word is defined as the same structure in different species indicating a common ancestor?
39. Which type of adaptation involves internal body processes?
40. If a species can no longer produce offspring they will go extinct
41. Who proposed the theory of natural selection as a mechanism for evolution?
42. Group of organisms all of the same species, living in the same place at the same time.
43. The more ..... two structures are to each other, the more likely it is that the species have evolved form a recent common ancestor.
44. Which statement best describes the process of evolution?
45. What is another name for natural selection?
46. In Darwin's thinking, the more closely related two different organisms are, the
47. The Tasmanian devil is a marsupial that resembles the North America wolf, which is a mammal. These do not have a common ancestor but have taken on similar forms. WHat type of evolution does this show?
48. ..... :Structures shared by 2 or more species as a result of adaptation in a similar environments
49. Is a process in which the genetic information of an organism changes due to errors that occur during DNA replication, recombination, or repair. It is one of the primary sources of genetic variation, which is the raw material for evolution
50. Body parts in organisms that have the same functions, but have different structures
51. Some birds fly south for the winter. What type of adaptation is this?
52. Scientist who believed that overpopulation leads to war, starvation, and disease
53. According to ..... evolution is descent with modification
54. Each branching point in a cladogram is a .....
55. What determines the length of a geologic time period?
56. A population of pigs with small, medium, and long snouts lives on an island together with burrowing termites. Pigs that have the longest snouts tend to survive better. Over time, most of the pig population is made up of individuals that have very long snouts. This is an example of which type of selection?
57. Natural Selection acts on an organism's phenotype, but it doesn't change genotype.
58. Is a type of point mutation that involves the replacement of one purine or pyrimidine with another purine or pyrimidine within a DNA sequence. These mutations can have various effects on protein function, and can be caused by spontaneous mutations, exposure to mutagens, or inherited from one or both parents.
59. Which is a significant benefit of studying fossils?
60. This is the trace or remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock.
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