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Class 12 Biology Chapter 7 Evolution Quiz 15 (60 MCQs)

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1. Whales are aquatic mammals that contain a pelvis bone. Even though it does not aid in its movement, the function must have been used by a common ancestor of the whale. Thus, the pelvis is referred to as a(n)
2. Which of these descriptions is an example of an unused body structure?
3. Which of the following groups of organisms are all chemotrophs?
4. An early stage in the development of an organism
5. In ..... selection, individuals with both extreme forms of the trait are at a selective advantage.
6. In the context of evolution, what is the significance of a keystone species?
7. What is the common origin of all life on Earth?
8. The Gram-positive bacteria stain purple because
9. The biogeography of ..... yields some of the best evidence for evolution.
10. Whose studies on the variation of species and the development of traits in response to environmental pressures provided evidence for the concept of adaptation, a key component of evolutionary theory?
11. Geologist, said the earth was very old.
12. Evolution is defined as a(n)
13. V Ionizing radiation (such as X-rays or gamma rays) and ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause DNA damage and mutations.
14. Rabbits with long teeth survived better in the pHet simulation because
15. Differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype
16. The study of the distribution of organisms around the world
17. A ..... is a scientist who studies fossils.
18. , in a broad sense the science of classification, but more strictly the classification of living and extinct organisms-i.e., biological classification. The term is derived from the Greek taxis ( "arrangement" ) and nomos ( "law" ).
19. Structures are similar in appearance but not in structure
20. Which of the following is an example of homologous structures that support the theory of evolution?
21. One sex competes over obtaining mates, and only those with specific traits are successful
22. ..... are damaged DNA.
23. Both gene fusions and chromosomal fusions can have significant effects on gene expression, leading to changes in cellular processes and potentially contributing to the development of genetic diseases. These mutations are important to study in order to understand the underlying mechanisms of disease and to develop new therapies that target specific genetic abnormalities
24. Some scientists think that all life evolved from a common ancestor. Which provides evidence that this may be true?
25. Identical reproduction (starfish)
26. Structures as different as human arms, bat wings, and dolphin flippers contain many of the same bones, these bones having developed from very similar embryonic tissues. How do biologists interpret these similarities?
27. A species of butterflies from mainland California migrate to a small island off the coast. This is an example of the ..... because a small subset of the population migrated.
28. Approximately one ..... species currently live on earth
29. T or F:Natural Selection and survival of the fittest mean the same thing
30. A random change in a small population's allele frequency is known as
31. Whose theory included "acquired traits" such as a giraffe needing a long neck so they stretch it over time?
32. A group of organisms that can mate with each other to produce offspring is known as a(n) .....
33. Relies on the relative amount of the parent and daughter isotope
34. Protein sequences in one organism that resemble those of another suggest a
35. In an experiment, a population of bacteria is exposed to an antibiotic. Over time, the population becomes resistant to the antibiotic. What evolutionary process does this demonstrate?
36. Magda is a tall, 11 year old drummer. She has a scar on her right cheek. She is good at swimming. Which of her traits did Magda most likely inherit?
37. True or False:Addie's infection is very rare and is becoming less common as medicine improves.
38. Genetic Drift has a greater effect on small populations
39. ..... & ..... are organelles that definitely arose from endosymbiosis.
40. Which statement about the members of a population that live long enough to reproduce is consistent with the theory of evolution by natural selection?
41. An example of high fitness (the ability to survive and reproduce) is
42. The process by which certain traits make it more possible for an organism to survive.
43. What is the main concept described by Charles Darwin's theory of evolution?
44. The study of the similarities and differences in the embryos of different species. Similarities in embryos are likely to be evidence of common ancestry.
45. The first life-forms to appear on Earth were most likely
46. Are traits that have evolved in response to selective pressures in an organism's environment. These can be physical features, behaviors, or physiological processes that allow an organism to survive and reproduce in its particular ecological niche.
47. The remains or evidence of a once-living organism
48. Which best describes radiometric dating?
49. Why do all dogs have the common ancestor of a wolf?
50. The relationship between all the organisms on Earth that have descended from a common ancestor, whether they are extinct or extant.
51. Which kind of a structure is it? A bird's wing and a human forearm
52. In a Cladogram each line represents a .....
53. Why do complex organisms have an even number of chromosomes?
54. A phenotype that improves an organism's chance of survival in their environment is considered a(n) .....
55. Before the Industrial Revolution, which type of moth was more common?
56. What kind of a structure is it? A fish's gills and our lungs
57. When a population develops a different genetic makeup that is not reflective of the majority of other populations of the same species. The change is unrelated to evolution.
58. Insects become resistant to pesticides very quickly, sometime in one generation. If an insect is resistant to the chemical, most of the offspring will also be resistant. Considering that insect generations can be a matter of weeks, insects in an area can become immune to a chemical within months.
59. Camouflaged animals have an advantage over other animals by
60. This is a pattern of natural selection where one extreme form of a trait is more advantageous than the average or the opposite extreme; as a result, this trait in the population tends to evolve towards that one extreme
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